TDS Kaise Calculate Hota Hai? — Salary, FD, Rent par TDS Rates 2026
S1 — Paisa Kata Kahan Se?
Sunita ka FD interest aaya ₹52,000 — lekin bank ne sirf ₹46,800 account mein dala. ₹5,200 kahan gaya? TDS. Rahul ki salary slip mein ₹8,400 “TDS deduction” dikhta hai — alag se koi tax nahi bhar raha, phir bhi paisa ja raha hai. TDS kaise calculate kare 2026 — yeh samajhna zaroori hai warna Form 26AS mismatch, IT notice, aur refund miss hone ke chances hain.
TDS matlab Tax Deducted at Source — income milne se pehle hi source par tax kaat liya jaata hai. Salary par employer kaatat hai, FD interest par bank, rent par tenant, professional fees par client. CalcDesk TDS calculator se apna exact TDS instantly calculate karein — free, koi registration nahi.
S2 — TDS Kya Hai?
TDS Income Tax Act 1961 ke Chapter XVII ke under aata hai. Government ka idea simple hai — income milne ka wait mat karo, source par hi collect karo. Isse tax evasion kam hoti hai aur government ko regular cash flow milta hai.
Ek common misconception: “TDS kata matlab tax ho gaya.” Galat — TDS sirf advance collection hai. Saal ke ant mein aap ITR file karte hain — agar actual tax TDS se kam hai to refund milta hai, zyada hai to balance bharna padta hai. TDS aapka paise nahi jaata permanently — sirf advance mein sarkar ke paas hota hai.
S3 — TDS Kaise Calculate Hota Hai — Section-wise
Monthly TDS = (Estimated Annual Tax on Salary) ÷ 12
Employer Form 12BB ke basis par deductions consider karta hai
Sec 194A — FD/Savings Interest:
TDS = 10% of interest (if > ₹40,000/year; seniors ₹50,000)
No PAN = 20% TDS
Sec 194I — Rent (Land/Building):
TDS = 10% if annual rent > ₹2,40,000 (monthly > ₹20,000)
Sec 194C — Contractor payment:
TDS = 1% (individual/HUF) or 2% (others) if > ₹30,000 single / ₹1L aggregate
Sec 194J — Professional/Technical fees:
TDS = 10% if payment > ₹30,000/year
Salary TDS example: Annual taxable income ₹9,25,000 (after standard deduction), new regime. Tax = ₹32,500 + cess ₹1,300 = ₹33,800. Monthly TDS = ₹33,800 ÷ 12 = ₹2,817/month.
FD TDS example: ₹5 lakh FD, 7.5%, 5 saal. Annual interest year 1 mein approximately ₹37,500 — TDS nahi katega (below ₹40,000 threshold). Year 2 onward compounding se interest badh sakta hai — threshold cross hone par 10% TDS lagega. FD calculator se annual interest estimate karein.
S4 — Real Examples
Example 1 — Ravi, Delhi, Multiple FDs
Ravi ke paas do banks mein FDs hain. SBI mein ₹44,000 interest, HDFC mein ₹38,000 interest.
- SBI: ₹44,000 > ₹40,000 → 10% TDS = ₹4,400 katega
- HDFC: ₹38,000 < ₹40,000 → koi TDS nahi
- Total interest: ₹82,000 | TDS kata: ₹4,400
- ITR mein dono interest declare karein — ₹82,000 income mein add hoga
- Form 26AS mein ₹4,400 TDS credit dikhega — tax liability se subtract hoga
Agar Ravi 0% tax bracket mein hai (income low hai) to ₹4,400 poora refund milega ITR file karne par.
Example 2 — Priya, Bengaluru, Freelancer Professional Fees
Priya ek consultant hai — ek company ne ₹1,50,000 professional fees di.
- Sec 194J applicable: amount > ₹30,000
- TDS 10% = ₹15,000 kata
- Priya ko mila: ₹1,35,000
- Priya ITR file karegi — ₹1,50,000 income declare karegi, ₹15,000 TDS credit legi
- Actual tax ₹15,000 se kam ho to refund; zyada ho to balance bharna padega
Freelancers ke liye income tax calculator se annual tax estimate karo — advance tax bhi plan karo agar professional income zyada hai.
Example 3 — Amit, Mumbai, High Rent
Amit ek company mein works — company ek office space rent kar rahi hai ₹25,000/month.
- Annual rent: ₹3,00,000 > ₹2,40,000 threshold
- Sec 194I TDS: 10% on ₹3,00,000 = ₹30,000 annual (₹2,500/month)
- Company ₹22,500/month landlord ko degi, ₹2,500 TDS government ko
- Landlord ke Form 26AS mein ₹30,000 TDS credit dikhega
S5 — Tables
Table 1: Common TDS Sections, Threshold aur Rates
| Section | Payment Type | Threshold | TDS Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 192 | Salary | Basic exemption limit | Slab rate |
| 194A | FD/Savings interest | ₹40K (₹50K seniors) | 10% (20% no PAN) |
| 194C | Contractor | ₹30K single / ₹1L total | 1% / 2% |
| 194I | Rent (land/building) | ₹2.4L/year | 10% |
| 194IB | Rent by individual | ₹50K/month | 5% |
| 194J | Professional fees | ₹30K/year | 10% |
| 194IA | Property purchase | ₹50L property value | 1% |
Table 2: Form 15G vs Form 15H — Eligibility aur Conditions
| Parameter | Form 15G | Form 15H |
|---|---|---|
| Kaun use kare | Non-senior (below 60) | Senior citizen (60+) |
| Age condition | Below 60 years | 60 years ya upar |
| Income condition | Total income taxable limit se neeche ho | Tax on total income NIL ho |
| Purpose | FD interest par TDS na kate | FD interest par TDS na kate |
| Kab submit karein | Financial year start mein (April) | Financial year start mein (April) |
| Kahan submit karein | Bank (har bank separately) | Bank (har bank separately) |
S6 — Common Galtiyan
S7 — Tips
TDS Calculator — Free aur Instant
CalcDesk ke TDS calculator se salary, FD, rent ya professional fees — kisi bhi payment par TDS instantly calculate karein. Koi registration nahi, bilkul free.
TDS Calculator Open Karein →S9 — Related Articles
Aksar Pooche Jane Wale Sawaal
TDS aur income tax mein kya fark hai?
TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) income tax ka hi ek collection mechanism hai — advance mein katta hai source par. Income tax aap saal ke ant mein file karte ho ITR mein; TDS throughout the year automatically katta rehta hai. Saal ke ant mein: total tax liability calculate karo, TDS already kata subtract karo — agar zyada kata to refund, agar kam kata to advance tax ya self-assessment tax bharo. TDS alag tax nahi hai — income tax ka hi part hai. Form 26AS mein poora TDS credit dikhta hai — ITR file karte waqt automatically match hona chahiye.
FD par TDS kab lagta hai aur kitna?
FD interest par TDS Sec 194A ke under lagta hai. Threshold: ek bank se ek financial year mein total interest ₹40,000 se zyada hone par TDS kattaa hai — senior citizens ke liye ₹50,000. TDS rate: 10% agar PAN diya ho; 20% agar PAN nahi diya. Threshold per bank hai — alag-alag banks mein FDs hain to har bank separately check karta hai. Form 15G (non-senior, income taxable limit se neeche) ya 15H (senior citizen) submit karne par TDS nahi kattaa — financial year ke shuru mein zaroor submit karo bank ko.
Salary TDS kaise calculate hota hai?
Salary TDS Sec 192 ke under calculate hota hai. Employer estimated annual salary se estimated annual tax calculate karta hai — then 12 se divide karke monthly TDS nikalta hai. Employee ki Form 12BB mein declared investments ka deduction consider hota hai. Net taxable income par applicable slab rate se tax — total annual tax ÷ 12 = monthly TDS. Agar employee ne investments properly declare ki hain to TDS accurate hoga. New vs old regime employee choose karta hai — employer accordingly TDS calculate karta hai. February-March mein final actual investment proofs submit karo.
Rent par TDS kab lagta hai?
Rent par TDS Sec 194I ke under lagta hai jab annual rent ₹2,40,000 se zyada ho (monthly ₹20,000+). TDS rate: 10% for land/building. 2% for plant/machinery. Yeh tab lagta hai jab tenant company, firm, ya audited accounts wala individual/HUF ho. Normal individual salaried tenant generally TDS nahi katta. Lekin Sec 194IB ke under — agar individual/HUF ₹50,000+ monthly rent pay kare to 5% TDS katna hoga. Landlord ke Form 26AS mein yeh credit dikhega — unhe ITR mein claim karna hoga.
Form 26AS kya hota hai aur kaise check karein?
Form 26AS aapka Annual Tax Statement hai — TRACES portal par available. Isme dikhta hai: sab TDS jo kataye gaye, advance tax bhara, self-assessment tax, refunds. ITR file karne se pehle Form 26AS zaroor check karein — TDS credits match hone chahiye. Access: income tax portal (incometax.gov.in) par login karo PAN se, View Form 26AS section mein jaao. Net banking se bhi access hota hai. AIS (Annual Information Statement) bhi dekho — property transactions, mutual fund investments bhi dikhata hai zyada detail mein. Mismatch hone par ITR mein notice aa sakta hai.
TDS refund kaise milta hai?
TDS refund tab milta hai jab actual tax liability TDS se kam ho. Example: senior citizen ko FD se ₹60,000 interest mila, bank ne 10% = ₹6,000 TDS kata. Lekin unki total income ₹3 lakh se kam hai — actual tax zero. Refund: ₹6,000 poora. Refund claim karne ke liye: ITR timely file karo (31 July deadline). ITR mein bank account number aur IFSC correctly daalein. Refund usually 2-6 mahine mein aata hai. Status track karo income tax portal par ya NSDL TIN portal se.
CalcDesk TDS calculator kaise use karein?
calcdesk.in/tax/tds-calculator/ kholen. Payment type select karein — salary, FD interest, rent, professional fees, contractor payment. Relevant amount daalein aur applicable section automatically suggest hoga. Rate aur threshold based on current rules apply honge. TDS amount instantly calculate hoga. Salary TDS ke liye income tax calculator bhi useful hai — annual income aur deductions daalein to estimated monthly TDS bhi pata chalega. Advance tax planning ke liye advance tax calculator bhi dekhein. Koi registration nahi, free.
Yeh article sirf educational purpose ke liye hai. TDS rates aur thresholds budget se change ho sakte hain — CA ya tax advisor se apni specific situation confirm karein. Poora disclaimer padhein →