You accepted a ₹12 lakh CTC offer — but when your first salary credit hits, it’s ₹80,000, not ₹1 lakh. Where did ₹20,000 go? This is the gap between CTC and take-home salary that surprises most employees joining their first job or switching companies. Understanding exactly which deductions happen, and how to legally minimise them, can put thousands more in your pocket every month.

This guide walks through the complete CTC-to-take-home calculation for FY 2026-27 with worked examples at ₹6 lakh, ₹12 lakh, and ₹20 lakh CTC levels — comparing Old and New Tax Regime outcomes. Use CalcDesk’s free Take-Home Salary Calculator to compute your exact monthly in-hand figure.

CTC vs Gross Salary vs Net Salary — The Definitions

These three terms are often confused. Here’s how they differ:

TermWhat It IncludesWho Sees This
CTC (Cost to Company)Everything the company spends on you: gross salary + employer PF + gratuity provision + health insurance premium + any other benefitsOffer letter, HR system
Gross SalaryCTC minus employer contributions (employer PF, gratuity provision). What you actually earn before employee deductionsSalary slip header
Net / Take-Home SalaryGross salary minus employee deductions (employee PF, professional tax, income tax TDS, other deductions)Bank credit, salary slip bottom

The CTC to Take-Home Formula

Take-Home Salary Calculation — Step by Step

CTC
− Employer PF (12% of Basic, max ₹1,800/month)
− Employer ESI (if applicable: 3.25% of gross, if gross ≤ ₹21,000/month)
− Gratuity provision (4.81% of Basic annually)
= GROSS SALARY

GROSS SALARY
− Employee PF (12% of Basic, max ₹1,800/month)
− Employee ESI (if applicable: 0.75% of gross)
− Professional Tax (₹200/month in most states)
− Income Tax TDS (monthly instalment)
− Other deductions (NPS, health insurance, loan EMI if any)
= NET TAKE-HOME SALARY

Worked Example 1 — ₹8 Lakh CTC (New Regime)

Entry-level IT employee, Bengaluru

CTC (Annual)₹8,00,000
Less: Employer PF (12% of Basic ₹3.2L)−₹38,400
Less: Gratuity provision−₹15,400
Gross Salary₹7,46,200
Less: Employee PF−₹38,400
Less: Professional Tax (Karnataka)−₹2,400
Less: Income Tax TDS (New Regime)−₹0 (zero tax)
Monthly Take-Home≈ ₹55,450/month

Note: Zero tax because gross (₹7.46L) after ₹75K standard deduction = ₹6.71L taxable — well below ₹12L threshold. Full Sec 87A rebate applies.

Worked Example 2 — ₹15 Lakh CTC, New vs Old Regime

Mid-level professional, Mumbai, comparing regimes

Salary Structure Assumed:

ComponentAnnualMonthly
Basic₹6,00,000₹50,000
HRA₹3,00,000₹25,000
Special Allowance₹4,38,000₹36,500
Employer PF₹72,000₹6,000
Gratuity₹28,860₹2,405
CTC Total₹15,00,000₹1,25,000

New Regime: Taxable income ≈ ₹13.62L (after ₹75K std deduction). Tax ≈ ₹97,500. Monthly TDS ≈ ₹8,125

Monthly take-home (New Regime): Gross (₹13.38L/12=₹1,11,500) − PF ₹6,000 − PT ₹200 − TDS ₹8,125 = ≈ ₹97,175/month

Old Regime (with HRA ₹1.8L, 80C ₹1.5L, 80D ₹25K): Tax ≈ ₹68,120. Monthly TDS ≈ ₹5,677

Monthly take-home (Old Regime):₹99,623/month — ₹2,448/month more

Worked Example 3 — ₹25 Lakh CTC, Senior Professional

Senior manager, Delhi, home loan + full deductions

Basic: ₹10L | HRA: ₹5L | Special allowance: ₹7L | Employer PF: ₹1.2L | Gratuity: ₹0.48L = ₹25L CTC

Gross: ₹23.32L | Monthly gross: ₹1,94,333

New Regime TDS: Taxable ≈ ₹22.57L → Tax + cess ≈ ₹4,08,000 → Monthly TDS ≈ ₹34,000

Old Regime (deductions: HRA ₹2.4L, 80C ₹1.5L, home loan ₹2L, NPS ₹50K, 80D ₹50K = ₹6.9L):

Taxable ≈ ₹16.42L → Tax + cess ≈ ₹2,74,000 → Monthly TDS ≈ ₹22,833

New Regime take-home: ₹1,94,333 − ₹10,000 PF − ₹200 PT − ₹34,000 TDS = ≈ ₹1,50,133/month

Old Regime take-home: ₹1,94,333 − ₹10,000 − ₹200 − ₹22,833 = ≈ ₹1,61,300/month

Old Regime gives ₹11,167/month more = ₹1,34,004 extra per year

Quick Reference — Approximate Monthly Take-Home at Various CTC Levels

Annual CTCNew Regime In-Hand/MonthOld Regime In-Hand/Month*
₹5,00,000~₹36,500~₹37,500
₹8,00,000~₹55,500~₹56,000
₹12,00,000~₹85,000~₹85,500
₹15,00,000~₹97,200~₹99,600
₹20,00,000~₹1,28,000~₹1,36,000
₹25,00,000~₹1,50,100~₹1,61,300
₹30,00,000~₹1,72,000~₹1,88,000

*Old Regime assumes reasonable deductions (HRA, 80C, 80D). Exact figures depend on salary structure, city, PF basis, and actual deductions. Use the calculator for precision.

Deductions Explained — What Comes Out of Your Salary

Employee Provident Fund (EPF)

Under the EPF Act 1952, both employee and employer contribute 12% of basic salary + DA. Contribution is capped if basic exceeds ₹15,000/month — in that case, statutory minimum contribution = 12% × ₹15,000 = ₹1,800/month (though most companies contribute on full basic). Read the full EPF Calculation Guide for complete rules.

Professional Tax

Professional Tax is a state-level tax deducted from salary. Not all states levy it. Monthly PT in major states:

StateMonthly PT (approx)
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu₹200/month (₹2,400/year)
West BengalUp to ₹200/month based on slab
Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, DelhiNil (no PT)

Income Tax TDS

Your employer calculates your projected annual tax at the start of the year and divides by 12 to deduct monthly TDS. Under the New Regime, this is straightforward. Under the Old Regime, you must submit investment proofs (rent receipts, insurance premiums, etc.) to your employer for correct TDS computation. The TDS Guide explains this in detail.

How to Maximise Your Take-Home Salary Legally

  • Restructure CTC to include allowances: Replace a portion of special allowance with meal allowance (₹50/meal × working days, tax-free), telephone reimbursement, or books and periodicals allowance — these have tax exemptions
  • Choose the right tax regime: New Regime for income up to ₹12.75L; Old Regime if deductions are ≥ ₹3.75L for ₹15L+ income
  • Maximise employer NPS contribution: Request HR to add employer NPS contribution (Sec 80CCD(2)) — available in both regimes, reduces taxable income without extra cost to you
  • Voluntary PF contribution: Reduces taxable income but reduces take-home; only beneficial if in 30% tax bracket
  • Submit proofs on time: Late submission means employer withholds extra TDS which you recover only via ITR refund months later

💼 Calculate Your Take-Home Salary — Free

Enter your CTC, salary structure, city, and tax regime. Get exact monthly in-hand salary with full breakdown.

→ Open Take-Home Salary Calculator

Frequently Asked Questions

Take-home salary = CTC minus all deductions. The main deductions: (1) Employer PF (12% of basic — this reduces CTC to gross salary); (2) Gratuity provision (4.81% of basic); then from gross: (3) Employee PF (12% of basic); (4) Professional Tax (₹200/month in most states); (5) Income Tax TDS (monthly instalment). Take-home = Gross minus employee deductions. The exact amount depends on your salary structure, city, tax regime, and investments declared to employer.
For ₹10 lakh CTC, take-home typically ranges from ₹72,000 to ₹80,000/month. Approximate: Gross monthly ≈ ₹83,333. Less employee PF ≈ ₹3,200. Less PT ₹200. Less TDS ≈ ₹2,800 (New Regime). Monthly in-hand ≈ ₹77,000. Exact depends on salary structure and city. Use CalcDesk’s Take-Home Salary Calculator for precision.
CTC includes everything the company spends on you: gross salary + employer PF (12% of basic) + gratuity provision (4.81% of basic) + health insurance premiums and other benefits. Gross Salary = CTC minus these employer-side contributions. Your salary slip shows gross salary, which is further reduced by employee-side deductions (employee PF, PT, TDS) to give net take-home. For most IT employees, gross = CTC minus ~17% of basic for PF + gratuity.
For ₹15 lakh CTC under New Regime: approximate annual tax ≈ ₹97,500 after ₹75K standard deduction. Monthly TDS ≈ ₹8,125. Under Old Regime with deductions (HRA + 80C + NPS + 80D totalling ₹4L): taxable income ≈ ₹11L, tax ≈ ₹1,24,800/year, monthly TDS ≈ ₹10,400. Old Regime deducts more TDS monthly but may give more at ITR time. Always inform your employer of your regime choice in April.
⚠️ Disclaimer: Salary examples are illustrative. Actual figures vary by employer, salary structure, state, and individual deductions. This article is for educational purposes only. Full disclaimer.